Fire & life safety
When should you replace smoke alarms?
Check the manufacture date on each smoke alarm. The U.S. Fire Administration advises replacing the entire unit 10 years after that date, even if it still sounds during a test.
Find the date on the alarm
The date is usually on a label on the back or side of the unit. Follow its instructions to remove it safely from its mounting plate. If the date is missing or you cannot identify the age, replace the alarm rather than guessing. Keep a photo of the label and note the location so you can plan the next replacement.
Replace an alarm that does not work
Test alarms at least once a month using the test button. If one does not sound, check its power or replaceable battery according to the manual. If it still fails, replace the unit promptly. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for sealed-battery and hardwired models; use a qualified professional if wiring or access is beyond your experience.
Frequently asked questions
Is the 10-year clock based on installation or manufacture?
Use the manufacture date printed on the smoke alarm, not the date you moved in or installed it. U.S. Fire Administration guidance says to replace the alarm 10 years from manufacture.
Should I replace an alarm sooner if it fails a test?
Yes. Follow the model instructions for power or battery issues. If the alarm still does not sound when tested, replace it promptly.
Sources and scope
Follow local requirements and the product manual for placement, replacement, and wiring. This guide does not replace a fire-safety inspection.
- U.S. Fire Administration: Smoke Alarms — ten-year replacement and monthly testing.
- U.S. Fire Administration: Check the Date — how to locate the manufacture date.
- Tend: How often should you test smoke alarms? — testing guidance.